The effect of prolonged closed-loop management on athletes' sleep and mood during COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from the 2022 Shanghai Omicron Wave.

Closed-loop management of athletes at the training base is a compromise approach that balanced epidemic prevention and sports training during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the impact of prolonged closed-loop management on athletes' sleep and mood during the 2022 Shanghai Omicron wave. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Profile of Mood States were used to assess the sleep and mood states of 110 professional athletes in "closed-loop management" at the training base after 1 and 2 months of closed-loop management, respectively, to characterize changes in sleep and mood with prolonged closed-loop management. After two months of control, the sleep and mood of 69 athletes and students of the same age were measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Perceptual Stress Scale, as well as the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, to compare the differences in sleep and mood between athletes undergoing closed-loop management and the general population who were managed in the community. Paired sample t-tests and independent sample t-tests were used for comparisons across different time intervals and different management approaches. Results showed that with the time of closed-loop management increased, athletes woke up earlier (p = 0.002), slept less (p = 0.024), and became angrier (p = 0.014); athletes had poorer overall sleep quality (p < 0.001) but lower stress level (p = 0.004) than those who were outside the base. In closed-loop management, the athletes were able to maintain a stable sleep and mood state. Sports team administrators must be aware of the need to improve athletes' sleep quality and help athletes to agree with this approach of management.

Impact of COVID-19 on 1000 m Running and Pull-Up Performance among College Men Living in China.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on fitness performance among Chinese college men during the pandemic period and to explore how fitness changed with a different college grade. METHODS: We conducted repeated measures of 1000 m running and pull-up testing on students from one university in China before and after the lockdown. A total of 7107 (age 19.21 ± 1.17 yr.) male students who completed the same 1000 m running and pull-up testing in 2019 and 2020 were included in the analysis. RESULTS: The paired t-test result indicates a reduction in 1000 m running and pull-up performance by 10.91% (95% CI = 0.89, 0.95) and 23.89% (95% CI = -0.36, -0.31), respectively. Interestingly, college men in the 2017 grade (the third-year college men) had more decreases than in the 2019 grade (the first-year college men). The 1000 m running performance was decreased by 14.43% and 6.48% in the third- and the first-year college men, respectively. The pull-up performance was decreased by 39.11 % in the third-year college men while increased by 10.98% in the first-year college men. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 lockdown reduced 1000 m running and pull-up performances among Chinese college men. The reduction varies by grade and it seems to be particularly seriously decreased for the third-year college men while being modest for the first-year college men. Public policy was urgently needed to improve Chinese college men's fitness performance after the lockdown.

Comparison of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with COVID-19 and influenza A (H7N9) virus infection.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compared the clinical features of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by COVID-19 and H7N9 virus infections. METHODS: Clinical data of 100 patients with COVID-19 and 46 patients with H7N9 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Elevated inflammatory indices and coagulation disorders were more common in COVID-19-ARDS group than in the H7N9-ARDS group. The median interval from illness onset to ARDS development was shorter in H7N9-ARDS. The PaO2/FiO2 level was lower in H7N9-ARDS, whereas the Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment score was higher in COVID-19-ARDS. The proportion of patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation and liver injury in COVID-19-ARDS and H7N9-ARDS was 45.5% versus 3.1% and 28.8% versus 50%, respectively (P <0.05). The mean interval from illness onset to death was shorter in H7N9-ARDS. A total of 59.1% patients with H7N9-ARDS died of refractory hypoxemia compared with 28.9% with COVID-19-ARDS (P = 0.014). Patients with COVID-19-ARDS were more likely to die of septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction compared with H7N9-ARDS (71.2% vs 36.4%, P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: Patients with H7N9 were more susceptible to develop severe ARDS and showed a more acute disease course. COVID-19-ARDS was associated with severe inflammatory response and coagulation dysfunction, whereas liver injury was more common in H7N9-ARDS. The main causes of death between patients with the two diseases were different.

Epidemiology of COVID-19 in non-core infected regions based on patient movement trajectories - a report from Chongqing, China (11 January - 21 February 2020)

Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in non-core infected regions were identified to provide evidences for prevention and management of COVID-19 epidemic in China. Data collected through an online reporting system were age, gender, source of infection, date of disease occurrence, date and type of primary medical examination and treatment, and classification of COVID-19, mode of infection and clinical symptoms. Confirmed COVID-19 patients (n = 518) constituted male:female ratio of 1.19:1, 30-75 years of age (82.74%), and with clustered cases significantly higher than sporadic cases, percent close contact transmission during dining being highest (39.30%), 88.89% of the patients having a latent period of 2-14 days, duration from primary medical examination to diagnosis ranging from 1 to 16 days, and 43.83% of the patients having fever or cough. In order to prevent further spread of COVID-19 epidemic, measures should be taken to increase detection and isolation of infection sources, reduce unsafe contact behavior, and impose 14-day quarantine of suspected contact individuals together with periodic tests of SARS-Cov-2 infection.